The shah, irans ruler for nearly four decades, had fled the country. The ideology of the islamic revolution is more than just the concept ofvelayate faqih, the system of clerical guardianship that sees irans supreme leader above the whole system of government. Internet archive contributor internet archive language english. Iran makes first export of rice since 1979 islamic revolution. He was appointed to the council of the islamic revolution in 1979, and between 1979 and 1981 he was a member of the majlis, serving as deputy minister of defense, commander of the revolutionary guard, and representative on the supreme council of defense. I am going to present the islamic elites perception on changes in education system of previous reigns. The iranian revolution is the only modern revolution which was deliberately and coherently fomented by a revolutionary movement consisting of different social classes united under the leadership of a senior shia cleric ayatollah ruhollah khomeini. Press tv iran has sold 74 tonnes of rice to canada, marking the first export of the crop since the islamic continue october 31, 2018. This is a video presentation in partial fulfillment of persyan 10. Shia political ideology underwent a signi cant transformation in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Many researchers believe that islamic revolution is a part of a turning point of an i. The third chapter will focus on islamic revolution and changes in the education system implemented by cultural revolution. Nov 25, 2019 heres a brief history of the iranian revolution of 1979, in which islamic clerics overthrew shah pahlavi and established the islamic republic of iran.
Sixth, the land reform generated acrimony between the ulama and the shahs regime. The bbc persian service and the islamic revolution of 1979 massoumeh torfeh and annabelle sreberny in the recent political crisis in iran that followed the contested presidential elections of 12 june, 2009, bbc persian television henceforth bbcptv that had started in. Background and causes of the iranian revolution wikipedia. Heres a brief history of the iranian revolution of 1979, in which islamic clerics overthrew shah pahlavi and established the islamic republic of iran. Heres a brief history of the iranian revolution of 1979, in which islamic clerics overthrew shah pahlavi and.
Following the success of the revolution, the islamists instituted a theocratic dictatorship and wiped out the workers movement and the left. These latter comparisons enable us to assess the distinct significance of iran s islamic revolution in world history. These are followed by two interviews that imam khomeini granted me. Khomeinis theory of islamic state and the making of the. We begin with the bestknown work of imam khomeini, his lectures on islamic government, and then proceed to offer a selection of his speeches and declarations, which, chronologically arranged, form an outline documentary history of the islamic revolution. The islamic revolution occurred in 1979, in the muslim country iran. But if the islamic revolution succeeded, it failed the many iranians who hoped it might lead to democracy. I hope each type of reader will be easily able to identify the notes intended to benefit him and overlook the rest. These latter comparisons enable us to assess the distinct significance of irans islamic revolution in world history. By looking at the historical, domestic, international, and socioeconomic factors related to the revolution, this case study examines the turbulent context of iranian society in. Doctor of philosophy history in the university of michigan. While keddies roots of revolution reaches similar conclusions wrt 197779, and kamravas revolution in iran stands as a distinct analysis, neither dissects the events of this period and documents it to the extent done in this book. Apr 25, 2012 this is a video presentation in partial fulfillment of persyan 10.
Pdf foreign policy of iran after islamic revolution. The reader will notice that the title of imam is consistently used in this book. Celebrating its 35th anniversary, iran s islamic revolution shocked the world and redrew the map of global alliances. The making of irans islamic revolution internet archive. Describe and give examples of the major phases of iranian art. Religious elements of the 1979 islamic revolution september 30, 20 this case study investigates the social, economic, and political dynamics of 1970s iran that led the iranian people to accept, and then maintain, religion as the basis of a new political system after deposing mohammad reza shah pahlavi in 1979. Its challenge to the west the ideological engine powering the iranian regimes race for regional supremacy is among the more misunderstood and ignored aspects of irans political and military activity in the middle east. Iran s islamic revolution after the overthrow of the shah, an american ally became one of its biggest adversaries.
Remembering irans 1979 islamic revolution as part of a series of conversations marking 1979 as a seminal year in the muslim world, steve inskeep talks. By roger cohen, new york times upfront newsmagazine for teens 1 tehran, irans capital, was in a state of revolt on jan. The iranian revolution a history and analysis of the revolution in which socialists aligned themselves with islamists to overthrow the westbacked shah. This seminar will place the antishah movement and the. The islamic revolution impacted other islamic countries by showing how to fight against modernization. Consistency and viability of islamic economic systems and the transition process. Iran under the shah 8 the islamic revolution and iran under ayatollah khomeini, 1979 1989 8 president rafsanjani and the era of reconstruction, 1989 1997 9 president khatami and the reform movement, 1997 2005 10 2 politics 15 2. Following the islamic revolution of 1979, the period between 1980 and 1983 saw an islamization of the universities.
The iran islamic revolution of 1979 summary youtube. Since 1988 iran is officially known as the islamic republic of iran. In khomeinis worldview, people were divided into oppressed and oppressors, and islam was the answer to protect the former from the latter. Use the following webpages to answer the questions about iranian culture below. From the islamic revolution to the islamic republic of iran. The bbc persian service and the islamic revolution of 1979. The islamic revolution occurred in 1979, in the muslim majority country of iran. The islamic revolution of 1920 in iraq icit digital library. Islamic revolution simple english wikipedia, the free. Irans islamic revolution after the overthrow of the shah, an american ally became one of its biggest adversaries. Its challenge to the west the ideological engine powering the iranian regimes race for regional supremacy is among the more misunderstood and ignored aspects of irans political and military activity in. The iranian revolution also known as the islamic revolution, persian. From monarchy to islamic republic, second edition 2nd edition by mohsen m milani author visit amazons mohsen m milani page. Ayatollah khomeini start a movement base on pure islamic thought ashura and made a social movement that an islamic republic government concluded from that.
Edward said and the iranian revolution david zarnett the iranian revolution was not only a godsend for those muslims who identified with its cause, it was also a blessing for those among the american left who saw it as a significant blow against the evil american empire. Based on the scholarly literature, the study argues that it was only ruhollah. Jun 18, 2019 in the late 1970s, the pahlavi dynasty was overthrown and replaced by a new islamic republic of iran. Choose from 500 different sets of iran islamic revolution flashcards on quizlet. Here is an overview of the events that led up to the iranian revolution, as well as the events in the revolution and the aftermath. Khomeini, who later became the leader of the islamic revolution, reinterpreted the shia political thought and proposed a novel islamic theory of state. Supporters of ayatollah khomeini organized protests in opposition to the authoritarian government of the shah. The collapse of the monarchy the emphasis of recent scholarship on the role of the state, its re. Second edition the making of irans islamic revolution. He also served several times as general secretary of the islamic republic party.
Remember that one group is researching pre islamic revolution, and one group is researching post islamic revolution. Find all the books, read about the author, and more. The revolution was mostly nonviolent, although there were incidents of armed struggle. The safavid dynasty ruled iran until 1722, when an afghan army invaded the country and captured isfahan. The iranian revolution past, present and future glittering achievements, the sassanid empire was characterised by extreme oppression of the downtrodden masses. Islamist revolutionaries opposed the western secular policies of the authoritarian shah of iran mohammed reza pahlavi supporters of ayatollah khomeini organized protests in opposition to the authoritarian government of the shah. Learn iran islamic revolution with free interactive flashcards. Islamic revolution in iran that would alter this country forever.
Supporters of the revolution are still the leaders of the country. The islamic revolution ayatollah ruhollah khomeini returns from exile in france at mehrabad airport in 1979 as the shahs regime became increasingly repressive, popular discontent grew, and mass demonstrations erupted in 1977. Iranian historyayatollah khomeini and the islamic revolution. Iran, meaning the land of aryans in persian, is a relatively large country enjoying a strategic position in the persian gulf. This paper intends to explore the role and key contributions that ayatollah ruhollah played in the iranian revolution. The supremacy of polytheism was brought to an end by the islamic revolution, which replaced it with monotheism, making it the dominant creed of the times. Economic decline and revolutionary turmoil in the 1970s even though the peak of the revolution was in 1979, key preliminary events occurred throughout the mid 1970s. Islamist revolutionaries opposed the western secular policies of the authoritarian shah of iran mohammed reza pahlavi. Nevertheless, for the iranian world the advent of islam meant not liberation but defeat and conquest by an alien people. Women were ordered to wear head coverings and full body cloaks called chadors. The leadership of the islamic republic has avoided repeating.
At the first signs of escalating unrest in early 1978, neither iranian nor u. Although principles underlined in constitution of iran. Unanimously, the nation of iran, in partnership with the religious authorities, and the ulema of islam, and the repository of leadership, in a referendum concerning the islamic republic, took a final and categorical decision to set up an exalted new. Remember that one group is researching preislamic revolution, and one group is researching postislamic revolution.
Nor can the revolution be appreciated without studying the enormous effects it has had over the last 39 years. The iranian revolution 1977 1979 download pdf version by stephen zunes april 2009. The iranian revolution of 197779 was the first in a series of mass popular civil insurrections which would result in the overthrow of authoritarian regimes in dozens of countries over the next three decades. This article is to explain the policies that have been undertaken by government of iran in foreign affairs since islamic revolution 1979. During this era, iran experienced a harsh economic downturn, urban. The iranian revolution was the islamic revolution that replaced the secular monarchy of shah mohammad reza pahlavi with a religious republic led by ayatollah ruhollah khomeini its causes continue to be the subject of historical debate and are believed to have stemmed partly from a conservative backlash opposing the westernization, modernization and secularization efforts of the. Formerly known as persia, iran adopted its current name in 1935. By roger cohen, new york times upfront newsmagazine for teens 1 tehran, iran s capital, was in a state of revolt on jan. There were more than 40,000 vaqfholdings lands endowed for charitable purposes in 1960. The shah, iran s ruler for nearly four decades, had fled the country. Iran s ancien regime and the islamic revolution the western reaction to the islamic revolution has been a curious admixture of hysteria and complacency. View 1979 iranian revolution research papers on academia. Aug 17, 2009 remembering iran s 1979 islamic revolution as part of a series of conversations marking 1979 as a seminal year in the muslim world, steve inskeep talks to iranianborn journalist kasra naji about.
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